Alloy steel



' high priced elements,

two, and their addition to: steel in large.

' tion-for the uses stated req ment andthey will retain their maximumresistance to corrosion, regardless of this The n' 'ty for-"a relativelycheap steel- --"f-which will resist at the present time, of theutmostimportance steels availahleZ- for'this Patenteed Aug. 30, 1932 7semis n scnunmm, or 1010110, roiwnon, or xoxoxo,

nmrruu, assrenon 'ro mammal. s'rnm. m INDIANA. a conrona'rrouor morass rn .10! s'rnnn I In Drawing.

This invention has reference to-an alloy steel, the com onents of whichinclude cop-Q per, niekel'an chromium in the low percent-- age ranges. 4v 5 I am aware that steels have ban made, the components of, whichinclude copper, nickel and chromium in the high percentage ranges, suchas are used for acid resisting steels and where the ultimate cost ofproducing and 1a where the sales costishigh. This is dueto the {factthat copper, nickel and chromium are especially the latter amountsinvolves a very hi h and specialized 1| metallurgical'practice m adition to the cost of the materials themselves; Furthermore,- ifresistanceto corrosion is to be a character-I istic, using thesematerials in the hi h pe 'centage range requires the steels to eat" 26treated in a proper manner in order to bring N that of resistance tocorrosion. It is an object of m invention to prod an alloy steel from wich may be manufacuse where the cost is a material item and I whichmaterials are subjected-to and will restamping operations without thecoatingscracking or flaking. g

teels'including copper,

.nickel and chromium m thehi h percentage ranges cannot be employed fort e uses herein enumerated because the Furthermore, to emP Y e myuires'no heat treat-q ilaut the only cheap h s... and Iovember" a1,1031. semi in), 511,11},

- steel containing'above .20%

out all of their physical properties, including 'pe to the steel and aatmospheric corrosion obtained when nickel tured materials intendedespecially for farm taining either one or the other of mentsalone,in thepercentages stat will not resist corrosion as well as a steel con-, I,

costris prohibitive,

atmospheric corros1on,i1s,

pur ose, so far as-I amaware, are the copper stee containing-around 20%copper.

It isa wellacce ted fact, among those skilled inttlieva'rt, t

at ordinary steel containing about,20% of co per will outlast anordinary carbon steel,w en subjected to at-' mos'pheric corrosion fromoneand one-half.

to threetimes or' more. This has'been amply:

proved by a long series oi tests conducted by the American Societ for,Testing Materials, and no experimenta evidence has ever been, offeredto-disprove this fact; p n I It has, also been demonstrated that with.cop r,no added corrosion resistance is obtaine due primarilyto thefactthat the copper above thatper-' centage does notform a solidsolution with the steel, or at leastdoes not unite with the steel in theform to give any added protec-. tion-. I have discovered, however, thatcopr, up to double this amount, may be added far betterresistance to andchromium are. also present in the steeL- I have found that steelscontainin from 'l' .10%-to 40% copper; .7 5% to 20% nic el and .70% to.07 %chromium, will outlast, under a great many corroding conditions,especially atmospheric corroding conditions, steels contheseele d;example, the steel containing .10% to .40%,. copper, or 'containingr.75%to ,20% nickel, or a steel containing to .07%-chromium, 85 r tainin thethree elements as given. For examp e, I have made; copper, nickel, chromium steels ofthe following analyses; a i Y I i Carbon c -".08Manganese; A0 Phosphorus Sulphur @040 r 'siliconn p .J; .910 :Copper; 7i 4? i f 'im Nickel. i

are merely cited as examples'and'.

not ee -limiting factors. For example, for

I killed steel, the silicon, instead of being .01%, of nickel, about .07to 30% of cliromium,

might be 14% and so on. Furthermore, for and the balance beingsubstantially iron.

certain physical properties, the carbon ma In witness whereof, I havehereunto set be much higher; as within the copper, nicke my hand, this25th da of November, 1931. chromium range, which I employ, neither JULIAL. SCHUELER.

the copper, nickel or chromium interfere with V the heat-treatingproperties of the steel,per

se.. Furthermore,-I have 'found that heat treating has'no marked effecton the corro-' r 10 sion resisting properties of this steel, which"isnot the case with very high percentage I chromium, nickel alloysteels. v 1:;

It will, of course, be realized that the proportion of copper, nickeland chromium withp 7 5 in the limits specified can be subject to anycombination. The combinations I have re- 1 1 1, l

*cited are typicaland have, foundthat very good'results are obtainedwhen; the sum of the copper plus nickelisapproximatelyi70% a go to .80%with'chromiumabout.30% to or the sum ofthe copperplus chromium is p .7 7

approximately -.70%. to -.80 with nickel 1 about 30% to 20%. e e l .Ihave found that the addition of copper-I. 25 nickel-chromiumto-thesteel, is materially.

" beneficial and stillthe highpercentage ranges are not onecessar'yasare required in the very f high priced alloy steels, such as care-usedfor acid resisting steels. Such, an alloy steel 7 I as I-disclose ismoreezisilymade in the open v hearth furnace and thehomogeneityof thesteelvis more easily controlled than where p large amounts of copper,nickel and chro I mium would be used se arately, or,-,in com-Ibinationof any two.- urthermore, the ad "dition of these elementsimparts superior physical-properties in theway of additional tensilestrength-and toughness,besides the corrosion resisting value,-ttha n,isthe case, 40 of. any one-or any combination ofthe two,

- in the'proportions herein disclosed, As a' ckmsequence,v alloy steelssuch as I describe are "excellent for the manufacture of woven *wirefence and sheets, particularly Where such fencing 01' sheets are subjectto atmos r pheric exposure-And as pointed out, these, steelsgalvanizeverynicelyand and may be I formedin severe drawing operations.Also, e e v v p e theymay be welded,either electricallyor by v H p i fn5 aseous PIQcesses, which isnot always true of the high percentagealloy steels, i

What I claim is e 1. A corrosion resisting steel alloy contain I 1 v o ring copper from 10% to 30%, nickel-from 1 p f :5 r

V 30% co-50%,chromiumfrom,0?% to 30%, I w 3 I I and the balancesubstantially iron; w p i 2,- A corrosion resisting steel alloy fconsisting of carbon about 408%, manganese 7 I 00 about .40%', phosphorusabout .O04%,;sul

'phur about'.040%, silicon about .010%,-copr A per about .30%,'nickelabout 50% andchro ,m iumabout.08%. 1 3. A corrosion resisting steelalloy con; 1y y 0 I e. tainin'g.10% to.30% ofcopper, about 30% v. r v

